Carnival Of Mathematics 232 – October 2024

Welcome to the 232nd Carnival and my fourth time hosting the event.

To see past entries in the Carnival Of Mathematics and future scheduled hosts, please visit The Aperiodical.

I am honored to again host the Carnival of Mathematics! I learn so much from hosting; things I usually wouldnโ€™t be exposed to are jam packed into every Carnival Of Mathematics post. Be sure to dig into the archive!

Here are the entries. Enjoy!


From Alice To The Mad Hatter: The Road To A PhD

By Storm Bear Williams

Everyone’s path to a PhD is different. Mine is more madcap than others.

LINK to the mayhem.

Editor’s Note: Please upload sanity. Thank you.


Double Maths First Thing

By Colin Beveridge.

Double Maths First Thing is Colinโ€™s weekly news bulletin. Although itโ€™s more like a nerfpelletin, honestly.

Hello! My name is Colin and I am a mathematician on a mission to help everyone find the joy and delight in figuring things out.

LINK

Editorโ€™s Note: Colin is already published four entries!


XKCD Game Theory Question

By Mark Dominus

This post is about the bottom center panel, โ€œGame Theory final examโ€.

I don’t know much about game theory and I haven’t seen any other discussion of this question. But I have a strategy I think is plausible and I’m somewhat pleased with.

(I assume that answers to the exam question must be real numbers โ€” not โˆžโˆž โ€” and that โ€œaverageโ€ here is short for ‘arithmetic mean’.)

First, I believe the other players and I must find a way to agree on what the average will be, or else we are all doomed. We can’t communicate, so we should choose a Schelling point and hope that everyone else chooses the same one. Fortunately, there is only one distinguished choice: zero. So I will try to make the average zero and I will hope that others are trying to do the same.

LINK

Editor’s Note: Inspired from the XKCD web cartoon.


Planar point sets with forbidden four-point patterns and few distinct distances

by Terence Tao

Iโ€™ve just uploaded to the arXiv my paper  โ€œPlanar point sets with forbidden 4- point patterns and few distinct distanceโ€œ. This (very) short paper was a byproduct of my recent explorations of the Erdรถs problem website in recent months, with a vague emerging plan to locate a suitable problem that might be suitable for some combination of a crowdsourced โ€œPolymathโ€ style project and/or a test case for emerging AI tools. The question below was one potential candidate; however, upon reviewing the literature on the problem, I noticed that the existing techniques only needed one additional tweak to fully resolve the problem. So I ended up writing this note instead to close off the problem.

LINK

Editor’s Note: Terance’s website if loaded with his work in mathematics.


Mathematics With Friends

by Ioanna Georgiou and illustrated by Asuka Young

“Mathematics with Friends” is a blog that takes a
maths-related dialogue from the Friends TV series every month and explores the
maths mentioned further. It comes with its own characters and amazing
illustrations.

LINK to the latest episode


Books That Are About Maths, But Not About Teaching It

By Tom Briggs

In the spirit of getting straight to the point without providing my entire life history, please click below for a list of books that are about maths, but not about teaching it. Read beyond the link if you’d like a bit of context.

The list has been put together at The StoryGraph[2]: it can be browsed without creating an account and it can be searched, sorted and filtered, which I thought would be helpful as there are over 160 books.

Link to the article.

LINK to the exhaustive list.


The end (or not?)

by Peter Cameron

This is an update from Peter on his retirement from St. Andrews and where he will go from there.

Yes, there is life after retirement. Don’t fret, it will all turn out ok.

LINK

OTHER LINK: Peter also has a nice article on the possibilities of a new mathematics open access journal. Could there be hope ahead?


Saying Goodbye to Tom Blyth

by Peter Cameron

A respectful story about the passing of a colleague. These things are never easy. Also an interesting correlation with Paul Halmos, the Hungarian-American mathematician. The full story is in the link below.

LINK


Whatโ€™s your mathematical style?

By Writing and Illustrations by Ben Orlin

Math teacher Ben Orlin writes and draws the (aptly named) blog Math With Drawings and is the author of a new book, Math for English Majors: A Human Take on the Universal Language. To mark its publication, he devised this entertaining accompanying quiz. You can read the Ars interview with Orlin here.

Math, we like to say, is math. It often seems that mathematics is something beyond our controlโ€”something unyielding, universal, inhuman.

But is it really?

Yes and no. Math may be the language of the cosmos, but itโ€™s also a human language, with its own quirky etymologies, classic literature, and hilarious regional accents. In fact, you could say that math has as many stylesโ€”as many idiolectsโ€”as it has speakers.

LINK

Editor’s Note: I loved this article!


Viterboโ€™s conjecture was refuted by Pazit Haim-Kislev and Yaron Ostrover

by Gil Kalai

Claude Viterboโ€™s 2000 volume-capacity conjecture asserts that the Euclidean (even dimensional) ball maximizes  (every) symplectic capacity  among convex bodies of the same volume. In the recent paper A Counterexample to Viterboโ€™s ConjecturePazit Haim-Kislev and Yaron Ostrover disproved the conjecture. 

There is some background on symplectic geometry in this post.  

LINK

Posted from Gil Kalai’s blog which is very bookmark-worthy

Editor’s Note: This deserves applause I think!


Philip Hensloweโ€™s Card Trick

by Colin Beveridge

In a dimly-lit tavern on the South Bank of the Thames, Philip Henslowe โ€” builder and owner of the Rose Theatre โ€” is celebrating the success of Shakespeareโ€™s latest blockbuster, Henry VI Part I, among the cutthroats, actors and other lowlife of London. He spreads thirteen playing cards on a table in a circle. โ€œPick a card,โ€ he grins. โ€œAny card.โ€

And this article is complete with cryptic, vintage explanations!

LINK

Wiki Entry for Philip Henslowe

Editor’s Note: Now I want to visit the Dulwich College Archive!


Book Review: The Best Writing on Mathematics 2021

by Ioanna Georgiou

Mircea Pitici (Editor)
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS 2022, 320 PAGES
PRICE (PAPERBACK) ยฃ20.00 ISBN 978-0-691-22570-8

This book contains articles written in 2020. The editor speaks of the difficulties accessing libraries and resources, something we are all a bit too familiar with. Here I will comment on each of the twenty-six articles selected as the โ€˜bestโ€™ and draw an overall conclusion at the end.

LINK

Editor’s Note: We have to start doing a better job in archiving and making available the collective of human knowledge to everyone. The defunding of libraries has to stop. The abusive research publication industry has to stop.

Carnival Of Mathematics 206 โ€“ July 2022

Welcome to the 206th Carnival and my third time hosting the event.

To see past entries in the Carnival Of Mathematics and future scheduled hosts, please visit The Aperiodical.

I am honored to again host the Carnival of Mathematics! I learn so much from hosting; things I usually wouldnโ€™t be exposed to are jam packed into every Carnival Of Mathematics post. Be sure to dig into the archive!.

Here are the entries. Enjoy!

Math Vs Culture

by Storm Bear Williams

A short little rant about all of those forgotten mathematicians from antiquity that hardly ever get the credit they deserve.


Mom Does Math

by Dr. Alyssa J Foss

Iโ€™m on the life long journey to recover from math-phobia. Which is why I have thrown myself into the math world head first! Next to momming and mathing, writing is my favorite thing. So, Iโ€™m trying to do the blog thing. This is my first post from September.

LINK

Editor’s Note: Her blog, Math Rehab, is really well written. Very worth the read!


What Is the Pascal Matrix?

By Nick Highham

In mathematics, particularly matrix theory and combinatorics, a Pascal matrix is a (possibly infinite) matrix containing the binomial coefficients as its elements. It is thus an encoding of Pascal’s triangle in matrix form. There are three natural ways to achieve this: as a lower-triangular matrix, an upper-triangular matrix, or a symmetric matrix.

Here Professor Higham steps his way through an example.

This article is part of the โ€œWhat Isโ€ series, available from https://nhigham.com/index-of-what-is-articles/ and in PDF form from the GitHub repository https://github.com/higham/what-is.

LINK

Editor’s Note: For more on Professor Highham; Twitter, Wiki, Google Scholar, Blog.


Ivan Guo: Financial models of the future

by Dr Ivan Guo

How can a 240-year-old logistics problem be used in quantitative finance? Dr Ivan Guo’s research lies predominantly in the areas of stochastic control and financial mathematics. In this interview with the Sydney Mathematical Research Institute, Ivan describes how stochastic transport theory applies in financial maths and how financial models are applied. He also debunks some misunderstandings about his field.


What does craiyon/DALLยทE mini โ€˜thinkโ€™ mathematics and mathematicians look like?

By Peter Rowlett

“You may have seen DALLยทE mini posts appearing on social media for a little while now โ€“ itโ€™s been viral for a couple of weeks, according to Know Your Meme. Itโ€™s an artificial intelligence model for producing images, operating as an open-source project mimicking the DALLยทE system from company OpenAI but trained on a smaller dataset.”

Peter Rowlett presents a good introduction to DALL-E and offers several awesome examples.

LINK


Two Saturday Morning Breakfast Cereal Cartoons

by Zach Weinersmith

The first fun cartoon is titled “Incomplete”. LINK

The second is titled “Mathematics” and we can all feel this one down in our bones! LINK

Editor’s Note: You can find out more about the author here: Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, Patreon


G0lomb

by Sneak Thief

One of my (many) interest areas is in algorithmic music composition. But it was not until @CarnivalOfMath mentioned that content didn’t need to be blogs, that I thought to submit this.

This piece is one where I use the Golomb ruler to determine the bar position, and length, of notes in a composition. I wrote a short piece of JavaScript which creates the data, incorporate it with a MIDI library which exports a MIDI file, that in turn can be loaded into a sequencer. I then assign each note to specific sound, based on their duration and what my ear tells me is good. (Being a synth-based composer, some sounds change a lot over time and are therefore better for long notes.)

The notes are always determined by me, a human, to match a particular key signature (to they sound in tune) and varied according to previous trial runs of the algorithm. So, for example, if notes of length 10 and 11 do not appear simultaneously I can assign them the notes E and F which (normally) do not sound good together. Similarly, I try to ensure that the start and end of the composition include notes which give an element of “resolution” which is prevalent in most western music. (Just because it’s based on maths, doesn’t mean it has to _sound_ that way!)

Finally, I sprinkle additional sounds generated by a different algorithm.

Click the image within the link to see a representation of the music, and 
you’ll clearly see the ruler being used.

LINK

Carnival Of Mathematics 195 – July 2021

Welcome to the 195th Carnival and my second time hosting the event.

To see past entries in the Carnival Of Mathematics and future scheduled hosts, please visit The Aperiodical.

I am honored to again host the Carnival of Mathematics! I learn so much from hosting, things I usually wouldn’t be exposed to are jam packed into every Carnival Of Mathematics post. Be sure to dig in to the archive!.

Here are the entries. Enjoy!

Bad Math Memes

By Storm Bear Williams

This is a video by me discussing how crazy I get when I see crazy math memes on Facebook and Twitter. Most are not educational and further separate mathematics from would-be students. We as mathematicians must do everything we can do to get people to EMBRACE mathematics, not shy away from it.


Here’s a proof that Tolkien’s Middle-Earth is not flat

By: @fermatslibrary (Twitter)

LINK


A 2021 problem: 20โˆผ21 and 43ร—47

By: Ed Pegg
Submitted By: Lewis Baxter

Ed Pegg noticed that 2021 = 43 x 47 which are successive primes with 20 and  21 being successive integers. He asked for similar solutions and Robert Israel quickly found the next biggest solution, a number with 36 digits. I (Lewis Baxter) found more than 1500 bigger solutions, the largest having  3011 digits. This month I certified the two primes (which are  20690  apart). Unlike other “titanic” primes they are not the value of some small arithmetic expression.

LINK


Who Needs Trig Sub?

By: Patrick Honner

Mr. Honner sent this link in, bragging about what his students came up with. “This was the coolest math my students produce this year,” Mr Honner gushed!

“Iโ€™ve taught this topic for many years and never thought of this approach. Iโ€™m grateful to have learned something new from my students, who never fail to impress me with their creativity. And Iโ€™m glad I gave them time and space to solve what I thought was an impossible problem! When I teach this next time, Iโ€™ll be sure to do it again. And Iโ€™ll be sure to share this ingenious integration.”

LINK


When cubic polynomials have three real roots!

By: Freya Holmรฉr (via Twitter)

Holmer Breaks down how they can be solved using trigonometry. Geometrically, you can visualize it as an equilateral triangle centered directly above the inflection point, where its vertices coincide with the three roots.


Why do perpendicular lines have slopes that are opposite reciprocals?

By: Howie Hua (via TikTok)

@howie_hua

Why do perpendicular lines have slopes that are opposite reciprocals? #math #mathematics #teacher #teachersoftiktok

โ™ฌ original sound – Howie Hua

Half a year of the Liquid Tensor Experiment: Amazing developments

By: Peter Scholze
Submitted By: Robin Whitty

“Exactly half a year ago I wrote the Liquid Tensor Experiment blog post, challenging the formalization of a difficult foundational theorem from my Analytic Geometry lecture notes on joint work with Dustin Clausen. While this challenge has not been completed yet, I am excited to announce that the Experiment has verified the entire part of the argument that I was unsure about. I find it absolutely insane that interactive proof assistants are now at the level that within a very reasonable time span they can formally verify difficult original research. Congratulations to everyone involved in the formalization!!

In this Q&A-style blog post, I want to reflect on my experience watching this experiment.”

LINK


Singmasterโ€™s conjecture in the interior of Pascalโ€™s triangle

By: Terence Tao
Submitted By: Robin Whitty

Kaisa MatomรคkiMaksym RadziwillXuancheng ShaoJoni Terรคvรคinen, and myself have just uploaded to the arXiv our preprint โ€œSingmasterโ€™s conjecture in the interior of Pascalโ€™s triangleโ€œ. This paper leverages the theory of exponential sums over primes to make progress on a well known conjecture of Singmaster which asserts that any natural number larger than 1 appears at most a bounded number of times in Pascalโ€™s triangle.

LINK


#GeometrySketchbook

Submitted By: Sam Hartburn

#GeometrySketchbook is a hashtag that has been used for a daily maths art 
challenge throughout June. A huge variety of media and art styles have been 
used; if you’re interested in mathematical art you’re sure to find 
something inspiring here.

LINK


Is This Some Kind of Code? You Can Solve the โ€ฆ

By: New York Times

(Paywalled)

SRC: New York Times

“Erik and Martin Demaine, a father-and-son team of โ€œalgorithmic typographers,โ€ have confected an entire suite of mathematically inspired typefaces.”

The verb โ€œpuzzleโ€ โ€” to perplex or confuse, bewilder or bemuse โ€” is of unknown origin. โ€œThat kind of fits,โ€ said Martin Demaine, an artist in residence at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. โ€œItโ€™s a puzzle where the word โ€˜puzzleโ€™ comes from.โ€

LINK

Carnival Of Math February 2020

A Collection Of Math and Science Blog Posts From Around The World

Final Look at 2019: School, Science and Education
by Frederick Koh
A detailed review of 2019 examining science, school and education relatedย events.

Hypot โ€“ A story of a โ€˜simpleโ€™ function
by Mike Croucher
Even the most simple lookingย mathematicalย functions can be difficult toย implement on computers perfectly.ย  In this post, I look at an extremelyย common computation where theย mathematicsย can be understood by children andย yet efficient and bug-free implementation is complex and the subject ofย modern research.

Convergence rate of random walks
by John Cook
In some cases, random walks rapidly become more uniformly distributed,ย quickly going from obviously not uniform to apparently uniform.

Attracted to Attractors
by Ari Rubinsztejn
In this post 3 different chaotic attractions are visualized.

More Modular Knitting
by Pat Ashforth
Geometry in knitting (even for those who ‘can’t do maths’). How manyย different shapes can be knitted using only 45, 90 and 135 degree angles?

The Multiples of Me
by Sam Hartburn
The Multiples of Me is a poem about prime numbers, and why they needn’t beย sad about having no factors.

Two dimensional tessellations at the Curious Minds Club
by Debbie Pledge
I run a recreational maths after school club in England. The post shows Iย got the children to explore the regular and semi-regular tessellations.

Australianย Mathematicians
by LThMath
At the start of January we wanted to do something on our Facebook page toย raise awareness about all the problems Australia has been through in theย last period. We were shocked at the situation there.ย  For 2 weeks weย researched and wrote more about Australian mathematiciansย and their work.ย In addition, each post has a link where you can donate for differentย charities and organizations. In this post we want to put together all theย information we have discovered in those 2 weeks, including theย mathematiciansย and where you can still donate to help.